How do you get oral thrush in adults? Oral thrush, also known as candidiasis, is a common fungal infection caused by the Candida albicans yeast. This infection typically affects the mucous membranes inside the mouth, including the tongue, cheeks, and gums. While oral thrush can occur in anyone, it is more common in adults with weakened immune systems or those who have been on long-term antibiotic or corticosteroid therapy. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for oral thrush in adults.
Causes of Oral Thrush in Adults
Oral thrush can be caused by various factors, including:
- Immune System Weakening: A weakened immune system, such as in individuals with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or those who have undergone organ transplants, can make it easier for Candida to overgrow and cause infection.
- Antibiotic Use: Long-term or excessive use of antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms in the mouth, allowing Candida to thrive.
- Oral Corticosteroids: Similar to antibiotics, corticosteroids can suppress the immune system and promote the growth of Candida.
- Diabetes: Individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are at a higher risk of developing oral thrush due to higher levels of sugar in the saliva, which can provide an ideal environment for Candida growth.
- Proper Hygiene: Poor oral hygiene can lead to an increased risk of oral thrush, as it allows for the accumulation of bacteria and fungi in the mouth.
- Other Factors: Age, smoking, and the use of dentures or braces can also contribute to the development of oral thrush.
Symptoms of Oral Thrush in Adults
The most common symptoms of oral thrush in adults include:
- White Plaques: White, creamy-looking patches that may be found on the tongue, inner cheeks, and gums.
- Redness: Inflammation and redness of the affected areas.
- Soreness: Pain or discomfort in the mouth, which may worsen when eating or drinking.
- Difficulty Swallowing: Some individuals may have difficulty swallowing due to the soreness or the presence of white plaques.
- Bleeding: In some cases, the plaques may bleed when scraped or touched.
Treatment Options for Oral Thrush in Adults
Treatment for oral thrush in adults usually involves antifungal medications, which can be administered in various forms, such as:
- Oral Medications: Antifungal tablets or lozenges can be prescribed to treat oral thrush.
- Topical Treatments: Antifungal mouthwashes or ointments can be used to apply medication directly to the affected areas.
- Systemic Medications: In some cases, a systemic antifungal medication may be prescribed, particularly if the infection is severe or widespread.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of oral thrush. Good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing, flossing, and using antiseptic mouthwashes, can help prevent the recurrence of oral thrush.
