How to Store Stool Specimen: A Comprehensive Guide
Storing stool specimens correctly is crucial for accurate diagnostic results in various medical conditions. Proper storage ensures that the sample remains viable and maintains its integrity throughout the testing process. In this article, we will discuss the best practices for storing stool specimens to ensure reliable results.
1. Collection of the Stool Specimen
The first step in storing a stool specimen is to collect it properly. It is essential to use a clean, sterile container to collect the sample. The container should be leak-proof and have a tight seal to prevent any contamination or leakage. Collecting the sample immediately after defecation ensures that the specimen is fresh and contains the necessary components for accurate testing.
2. Temperature Control
Temperature is a critical factor in storing stool specimens. Extreme temperatures can affect the viability of the sample, leading to inaccurate results. It is recommended to store the stool specimen at room temperature (between 15°C and 25°C or 59°F and 77°F) for up to 48 hours. If storage for longer periods is required, refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) is preferable. Freezing the sample should be avoided, as it may alter the cellular structure and affect the diagnostic results.
3. Contamination Prevention
Contamination of the stool specimen can lead to false-positive or false-negative results. To prevent contamination, ensure that the collection container is sterile and clean. Avoid using toilet paper, hand sanitizers, or any other substances that may contaminate the sample. Additionally, avoid touching the sample with bare hands or any foreign objects.
4. Labeling and Documentation
Proper labeling and documentation are essential for accurate identification and tracking of the stool specimen. Label the container with the patient’s name, date of collection, and any relevant information about the sample. This information helps in maintaining the chain of custody and ensures that the sample is processed correctly in the laboratory.
5. Transport to the Laboratory
Transporting the stool specimen to the laboratory should be done as quickly as possible to maintain its integrity. If transportation is delayed, refrigeration or room temperature storage is recommended. Ensure that the container is securely sealed and protected from external factors such as extreme temperatures, pressure, or shock during transit.
6. Laboratory Processing
Upon arrival at the laboratory, the stool specimen should be processed promptly. The laboratory staff should follow established protocols for processing and analyzing the sample. This includes proper handling, centrifugation, and storage of the specimen during testing.
In conclusion, storing stool specimens correctly is essential for accurate diagnostic results. By following these best practices, healthcare professionals can ensure that the sample remains viable and maintains its integrity throughout the testing process. This, in turn, helps in providing appropriate treatment and care for patients.
